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The Threat of Anne Hutchinson

While many leaders were uneasy about the involvement of women outside the traditional female sphere, Anne Hutchinson's preaching that every individual had the ability to communicate with god posed a threat in Massachusetts. Massachusetts power and authority was based on its role was mediator between the congregation. Anne Hutchinson and her husband and family arrived in the Massachusetts Bay Colony in 164. The Hutchinson's were seen as welcomed newcomers to their new community, "large because of William's prosperity and Anne's expertise in herbal medicines, nursing the sick, and midwifery"(). Anne Hutchinson became very busy with, "in religion and theological questions, she was particularly influenced by John Cotton, a Puritan minister who was forced to flee from England to Massachusetts Bay in 16 because of his religious ideas"(). Anne Hutchinson than began intervening with Antinomians which led to her trial, conviction, and banished of the Massachusetts Bay Colony.

Anne Hutchinson became interested in religious issues and began weeknight meetings, which were lead by her and was accompanied by Antinomians. Anne Hutchinson was brought to trial in front of the General Court of Massachusetts Bay. Governor Winthrop lead this case in determining the fate of Anne Hutchinson, "Privately, Winthrop called Hutchinson a person of "nimble wit and active spirit and a very valuable tongue."'(). Winthrop was determined to get rid of Anne Hutchinson no matter what it took to do so.

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The case started off with Mr. Winthrop, the governor, describing to Anne Hutchinson what was going on and why she was being tried. "Mrs. Hutchinson, you are called here as one of those that have troubled the peace of the commonwealth and the churches here; you are known to be a woman that hath had a great share in the promoting and divulging of those opinions that are causes of this trouble, and to be nearly joined not only in affinity and affection with some of those the court had taken notice of and passed censure upon"(5). Anne Hutchinson, after listening to this, becomes confused with why she is in court and for what she has done. "I am called here to answer before you but I hear no things laid to my charge"(5). I was then explained that one of the reasons for her being there was because she has broken a law, which was the fifth commandment. She was also charged for having such religious meetings in her own home. "Why do you keep such a meeting at your house as you do every week upon as set day?…(7). Anne Hutchinson than knew that she had not transgressed in this aspect and rebutted her charge. By rebutting the charge, she was further charged by Deputy Governor Winthrop, "Mrs. Hutchinson for that time she came hath made a disturbance, and some that came over with her in the ship did inform me what she was as soon as she was landed"(). She was accused "of preaching a covenant of works rather than a covenant grace"(40). The governor than brings up "That there are six witnesses who say it is true and yet you still deny it"(41).

One of these witnesses was John Cotton, who Anne Hutchinson highly respected. He was called upon to testify against Hutchinson. Cotton did his best, "tried to defend Hutchinson, mostly saying he did not remember most of the events in the question"(4). Hutchinson believed that she was given a task by god, "God had compelled her to take the course she had taken and that God had said to her as He had to Daniel of the Old Testament, that "through I should meet with affliction, yet I am the same God that delivered Daniel out of the lion's den, I will also deliver thee"'(45).

Even though Anne Hutchinson spoke the truth in her testimony at trial, there was still no avail. Governor Winthrop was still determined to do everything possible to get rid of her. As a result, she was then banished from the Massachusetts Bay Colony and settled "an island in Narragansett Bay near what is now Rhode Island"(). After her banishment from the Massachusetts Bay Colony, trouble still surrounded her. "At the age of forty-five, she was once again pregnant"(47). This was not the only trouble. "In 164, Hutchinson's husband died, and she moved with her six youngest children to the Dutch Colony of New Netherlands in what is now the Bronx borough of New York City. The next year, she and all but one of her children were killed by Indians"(48). The Massachusetts Bay Colony felt that this was a sure sign from God's wrath upon all her sins.

The Puritans tried to hold their own by holding on to their power but it began to fail, "New towns increased the colony's size make uniformity more difficult, Growth and prosperity seemed to bring an increased interest in individual wealth and a corresponding decline in religious fervor, sleeping during sermons, fewer conversations between young people, blasphemous language, growing attention to physical pleasures were numerous, as were reports of election disputes, interachurch squabbling, and community bickering"(48).

Anne Hutchinson being a female and holding her own religious meetings in her own home became a threat to the people of the Massachusetts Bay Colony. Many leaders were uneasy about her ability to communicate with God. This ability became a major threat to the Massachusetts people. Even by telling the truth, she still got what Governor Winthrop wanted, "banishment".

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If you order your research paper from our custom writing service you will receive a perfectly written assignment on How bad were living conditions inTowns in the early 19th Century?. What we need from you is to provide us with your detailed paper instructions for our experienced writers to follow all of your specific writing requirements. Specify your order details, state the exact number of pages required and our custom writing professionals will deliver the best quality How bad were living conditions inTowns in the early 19th Century? paper right on time.

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Within the working class areas of industrial towns such as Birmingham, Manchester and Liverpool living conditions were very bad indeed in the early 1th century. Poor living conditions were due to insufficient planning, bad housing, poor sewerage disposal, inadequate water supplies, and diseases.

Bad planning led to poor living conditions in towns in the early 1th century because of a rapid growth in industrialisation. Local authorities had very little employers and experienced employers and so they had weak knowledge and judgement to enforce regulations, which would deal with new methods. Back to back housing was created to pack as many houses in as possible and cheaply as could be done, forgetting simple things e.g. deep foundations to make the housing sound, but were 'jerry built'. Yet poor sewerage disposal conditions were not new as they were the same in the countryside. Most of the rich members of the council and citizens did not want high rates of taxes but to keep them low and controlled and so consequently new sewers, water supplies and general better living conditions did not happen. Due to the over crowding, bad housing, sewers and poor water supplies many health epidemics broke out, ignorance of not understanding the diseases did not help this. Links needed to be made.

The worst aspect of early 1th century living conditions was the poor housing. Poor ventilation caused the air to be unable to circulate resulting in bad smells from out side mixing in the air, damp of the houses caused infections to the chest with the stale air and damp living conditions. Families of up to six or more were cramped into the small areas of 4mx4.m and .4mx.6m due to the lack of money. Few houses had water supply and so many had to go and get water on a daily basis. The water was often or always polluted and caring disease.

Rivers and streams carrying refuse and waste from the area often used by the poor to get water along with wells again filled with pools of refuse, or they would collect rain water in tubs and baths which got polluted by soot and smoke.

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The unpaved streets held the town's sewage in mud alleys leading to streams and rivers. There was no sewage system e.g. sewers and toilets. This was a large threat and cause of infection and diseases.

Out breaks of disease such as smallpox, typhoid, diphtheria, influenza and cholera caused problems and a major health disaster. People were not prepared to cope with the outbreaks, did not realise the awfulness of the conditions of the towns, and so did not change when diseases broke out.

However, not every inhabitant of an early 1th century town experiences bad living conditions. The rich and poor indeed became very divided even the rich became divided in to middle and upper class. The upper class being able to afford large detached house on a hill above the awful conditions of the town below and away from the waste and putrid smells. The middle classes lived in terraced houses with a garden and live in servant creating a cleaner and healthier environment. Many towns were made to spa towns like Malvern and cheltham. These were of a higher quality compared to most and better/cleaner to live in they would architecturally prettier and safer. The streets had sewage systems and sanitation to keep cleaner and healthier.

Of course, any assessment of living conditions in the early 1th century towns must make comparison with the conditions experienced by these in rural conditions. If the conditions of towns were so repulsive the state of rural villages were very bad to make people move to the towns. The countryside was very damp and unhealthy to live in as well as being cold and dirty. The cottages were small with no sanitation and leisure activities near. Most dwellers did not realise the awful conditions of towns until they arrived there but put up with the conditions for the sake of higher wages from urban jobs so towns were money and socially better than living in the countryside.

Finally, whilst in many respects little had been done to improve living conditions in towns by the mid 1th century, one step had been taken by the government in 1848. This was the 1848 public health act. This improved towns by setting up a board of health, which could be made if over 10% of ratepayers agreed. The act recommended glazed earth ware pipes for new sewerage systems, which was cheaper and more hygienic. The act made sure public health was at the top of politician's agenda to make awareness of the issue.

In the early 1th century living conditions of towns were very poor and disgusting compared with the standard of living conditions to day. Public health was a large concern and mainly caused by poor housing and sewage many of the conditions were brought from the rural dwellers and people put up with them for the sake of wages. The conditions caused a dramatic visual divide between the rich and poor. The living conditions were very bad and needed to be improved by simple measure. Ignorance was greatly to blame and so caused living conditions in towns to be worse as more people had to live in these ghastly conditions.j

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. Write a critical review of a hypothetical exhibition that contains several of the most important works of a contemporary visual artist you have studied.

I am proud to present George Gittoes and his exhibit "Minefields" as your featured artist for this weeks contemporary visual artist review. Previously presented at the Sir Hermann Black Gallery, University of Sydney in March and April, its success has allowed this exhibition to continue round the continent, where we have been able to view these fantastic works of art right here in our very own Adelaide. Gittoes opened his appropriately named exhibition after travelling to Cambodia, Pakistan and Afghanistan. His paintings help to describe the painful emotions experienced by the innocent victims of landmines. I quote the words of Gittoes, "For me, landmines are the most damning proof of man's inhumanity to man while the moments spent with mine victims have given me some of the most encouraging proof of the strength of the human spirit".

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I have selected a painting dedicated to each country visited for a main basis of this critical review. Each painting belongs to a designated wall dedicated to the country from which it came from. Beneath most every painting exhibited is a sketch of the original photo and a small quote from Gittoes, describing the situation of his chosen minefield characters.From 'Cambodia', I have chosen a painting called 'Blind Field' (1). Based on a Taiwanese man named Som Chit, this painting depicts his injuries sustained by Cambodian land mines. Somewhat abstract, Gittoes has painted Som Chit with shades of blue skin causing him to stand out abruptly over the vibrant background consisting of bright reds, oranges and yellows. The body of this man has been slightly twisted to appear smaller from the waist down and you hardly notice the prosthetic leg supporting the man. What seemed to stand out the most in 'Blind Field' are the blinding white sightless eyes that exist in Som Chit's scarred face.In order to absorb the full extent of this painting, it needs to be viewed up close, as compared to the original sketch below you can see that much detail has been left out and it becomes less obvious that the colours behind Som Chit are actually his home. The garish colour scheme used helps the viewer to visualize the shocking reality of mine field deformity.

As I continue into the second room (Pakistan), a great painting on the far wall first captures my attention. Even more vibrant than 'Blind Field', the mixture of colours attracted me to evaluate this glorious painting. 'What's Left?', an abstract painting depicting a woman with stumped legs and her child surrounded by an opposing mixture of children's toys and artillery. Their faces and limbs are displaced around the bed on which they lie, giving the impression of perplexity and disorder.

This painting depicts the impact of landmines on families. The mother lies helpless on the homemade bed whilst her child stands by with his hands clasped watching over his mother. This oil on canvas consists of bright rusty colours (such as oranges, reds and yellows) which have been used to give the feeling of heat and poverty.

The focal point of 'What's Left?' is, in my opinion, the enormous black eye of the wounded woman. The massively sized emotionless black pupil captures your attention and draws you into the painting itself, almost rendering the rest of the painting irrelevant. Inside this 'black pit' is a crescent moon. They say the eyes are the windows of the soul. So if this be true, I see that the woman has lost hope all which is left inside her is a constant darkness (represented by an image of nighttime).

Leaving this painting I felt somewhat desolate. 'What's Left?' really seems quite appropriate to the feelings conveyed in the painting.

Moving into the third and final room (Afghanistan), my eyes are captured by a painting directly across from the doorway. A cold blue painting that conveys such sadness I feel the need to view it in a more direct manner.

Gittoes has painted an abstract portrait of a man named Muzammil, a 5 year old man who was left blinded and legless from working in a minefield. His 5 children are so poor that they live in a community of such poverty that they don't even have any belongings. Muzammil must stumble down mine ridden paths in complete blindness.

'Blown Away' has been painted in pale watery blue and pink. The watery look gives the impression of being washed out and drained of life. The blues also represent the sadness and depression you can see printed all over this poor mans face. Such large features make the already sunken face appear more withered and old that what should be for a 5 year old man. You may leave feeling somewhat shut-out because of his closed eyes and pursed mouth.

I feel very privileged to have participated in the viewing of George Gittoes "Minefields" exhibition. By bringing such works of reality for us to view from around the world it is hard not to feel for these victims of landmines especially when the paintings convey such deep emotion. So, thanks to Gittoes exhibition, we are able to view a reality that in normal circumstances we would be blissfully ignorant of.

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If you order your custom term paper from our custom writing service you will receive a perfectly written assignment on How can London be viewed in two radically different ways? a comparison of Wordsworth's "Composed Upon Westminster Hill" and Blake's "London". What we need from you is to provide us with your detailed paper instructions for our experienced writers to follow all of your specific writing requirements. Specify your order details, state the exact number of pages required and our custom writing professionals will deliver the best quality How can London be viewed in two radically different ways? a comparison of Wordsworth's "Composed Upon Westminster Hill" and Blake's "London" paper right on time.

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In this essay I will be look at two different poems and what image they make of London, and their views.

Wordsworth has written his poem 'Composed Upon Westminster Bridge' in a sonnet form, which is usually only used for poems about love, this implies that Wordsworth's poem will be about how much he likes London. Blake has written his poem in quatrain verse, which at the time was the most common type of style for writing poems.

Blake describes London as being controlled and restricted, we know this because in the first line of his poem he writes "I wander thro' each charter'd street". I believe that by describing the streets as charted he is saying that they are being controlled, like streets on maps are charted. He also describes nature (which to a romantic poet is very important) as being controlled. He says this in line two of his poem "Near where the chater'd Thames does flow". Rivers are usually viewed as powerful, uncontrollable forces of nature.

Wordsworth views the river as a free, peaceful symbol of freedom in London. This can be shown in line 1 where he writes, "The River glideth at this own sweet will."

William Blake views the people as sad, downtrodden and without hope, this can be seen in lives three and four where he writes

"And mark in every face I meet,

Marks of weakness, marks of woe"

(London, lines -4)

this implies that the people of London are unhappy and not free. Another example of them not being free and restricted is in lines seven and eight where he writes

"In every voice, in every ban,

The mind-forg'd manacles I hear"

(London, lines 7-8)

This shows that he believes the people are being controlled and restricted by themselves and are not free, I believe this because he uses the word ban, bans are a way of controlling people and restricting what they can and cant do. Manacles are also shackles, which go on the arms and legs to restrict movement, by saying they are mind forg'd he is saying that peoples minds are controlled and restricted.

Blake also connects his poem, and London, to the French revolution, in which people fought and died for freedom and he writes

"And the hapless soldier's sigh,

Runs in blood down palace walls."

(London, lines 11-1)

The French revolution greatly influenced both Blake and Wordsworth as they both travelled to France during the time of the revolution, and both indulged in the freedom of speech.

Wordsworth describes the people of London and London itself as calm and in lines thirteen and fourteen he writes

"Dear God! The very houses seem asleep;

And all that mighty heart is lying still!"

(Composed Upon Westminster Bridge, lines 1-14)

This also personifies the houses, and by using 'Dear God!' he emphasise this, and makes it a lot more extreme. When he writes "And all the mighty heart is lying still!" I think this is describing London as the heart of England, and because it is earlier in the morning everyone is asleep, making London seem a lot calmer.

Wordsworth also connects London to nature, to create imagery; one example of this is in lines 6-8 where he writes

"Ships, towers, domes, theatres, and temples lie,

Open unto the fields, and to the sky;

All bright and glittering in the smokeless air."

This helps make London seem very beautiful and clean. By concentrating on the good things in London he is drawing attention away from the more ugly features in London. Blake however views the building as now dirty, and no longer pure. We know this because in lines -10 he writes

"How the chimney-sweepers cry,

Every blackening church appals"

(London, lines -10)

This would have been very literate, as at the time it was during the industrial revolution, so many of the buildings would be black with dirt.

In Blake's last verse he talks about how prostitutes are so young, and that they are like young children, but no longer pure. He ends his poem with a oxymoron and writes "marriage hearse". This is two contrasting ideas, marriages are seen as a happy thought, where as hearses are sad thoughts connected to death. I believe this is talking about how the "harlots" (prostitutes) help kill the marriage.

In conclusion Blake has a negative view of London, which I think was inspired by his insiders view of London, which he had from being raised and living in London. In contrast Wordsworth has a positive view of London, which I believe comes from him being a visitor of London, viewing it in the early morning when not many people are about. I do not believe that in just eight years London could have changed so much.

This essay gained me a A ) - it looks at the two poems but more importantly y they have there views this relates to there backgrounds and how this affects there poem

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The Casket of Fortunato

Edgar Allan Poe wrote poems and criticized literature, but is best remembered for his short stories. Poe's works were exceedingly experimental for their time, and are still influencing writers today. His tales consisted of eerie settings, characters dealing with psychological problems, and unfolding mysteries layered within a plot. By intertwining these elements into a cohesive unit, Poe created a genre in literature now known as Mystery. At first glance, Poe's short stories can be tough to comprehend thoroughly, but upon taking a more in depth look at the work it becomes less difficult to understand. His use of irony, foreshadowing and symbolism all provide for his purpose as in, "The Cask of Amontillado."

Among the literary devices used by Poe, irony is one in which he implements into is horror stories often. Webster's Dictionary defines irony as conveying meaning by saying the direct opposite for what it really meant. In the short story "The Cask of Amontillado", the protagonist, Montressor, yearns

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for revenge against his arch nemesis, Fortunato, by starving him to death in his family's wine cellar. In order to get Fortunato into the cellar, Montressor uses Fortunato's lust for fine wine tasting as his bait to lead him into his own grave. "Fortunato pursues a "cask" which ends up being his own casket" (Silverman). On numerous occasions throughout the trip into the cellar Montressor questions whether or not Fortunato should go on. "Come, we will go back; your health is precious. You are happy like, as once I was" (Poe). This piece of dialogue is ironic because Montressor does not care for Fortunato's health, because he in fact plans on killing him in the vaults. Poe use of irony can be hard to grasp the first time you read through one of his short stories, but with repetitions of analyzing the work, the irony becomes easier to understand.

"The Cask of Amontillado" is a short story that is very suspenseful. Poe uses the literary device called foreshadowing to build up moments of suspense throughout this tale of terror. Foreshadowing is to represent or warn before hand. There are two noteworthy instances of foreshadowing in "The Cask of Amontillado". The first being when Fortunato begins to cough from the mold growing on the walls in the catacombs and goes on to say, "I will not die from a cough," then Montressor answers, "True, true" (Poe). This section of dialogue makes the reader

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aware that Montressor does not intend on Fortunato dieing from illness, but rather from malnutrition and dehydration when he is left to rot in the cellar. Moments after this scene, Montressor offers Fortunato some Medoc, a wine, to help cure his cough. He gladly accepts and drinks the beverage, furthermore making a gesture of his alliance with the Masonic order. He then proceeds to asks Montressor if he is of the Masonic order, in which he responds yes he is a mason. "…He will be building things out of stones and mortar namely Fortunato's grave" (Thomas, Dwight, & Jackson). By using foreshadowing, Poe was able to create suspenseful situations that were also highly unpredictable.

Poe whom was also a literary critic and poet, was very influential with his usage of symbolism in his works. Symbolism is something that stands for or represents something else. "Poe celebrated pure forms of beauty and opposed the didactic in poetry" (Ljungquist). In the short story "The Cask of Amontillado", Poe uses symbolism when Montressor is describing his family's arms. "(The shield is) A huge human foot d'or, in a field azure; the foot crushes a serpent rampant whose fangs are imbedded in the heel" (Poe). This is a symbolic replication of Fortunato being the serpent chastising and insulting Montressor who is represented by the foot stepping on the serpent. "Although Fortunato has hurt Montressor with

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insults, Montressor will ultimately crush him" (Silverman). Applying symbolism into his writing has made Poe among the most influential writers in modern literature.

Edgar Allan Poe has been said to live a rough life, as he always seemed to be in some sort of financial debt, usually for gambling. His stormy life is what is believed to be where he drew his inspiration from to create his horror stories and tales of deception and intrigue. Further contributing to his motivations are the methods and techniques Poe uses are so fundamentally sound, that his works are the foundation in which detective stories were built upon. Whether or not Poe was mentally stable or not is a debatable topic to this day. "At age he married his 1 year-old cousin" (Ljungquist). Though his tales are of a darker undertone, this does not make Poe out to be an evil man, even though some people did perceive him to be during his lifetime. In modern times, his works are not taking so literally and can actually be quite humorous as opposed to dark and gloomy. This is just another piece of evidence that proves just how far ahead of his time Edgar Allan Poe really was.

Works Cited

"Edgar Allan Poe" Ljungquist, Kent. World Book Encyclopedia, 17. ed.

"foreshadowing" Webster's Dictionary. 17. ed.

"irony" Webster's Dictionary. 17. ed.

Silverman, Kenneth. Edgar Allan Poe Mournful and Never-Ending Remembrance. Harper Collins, 11.

"symbolism" Webster's Dictionary. 17. ed.

"The Cask of Amontillado" Edgar Allan Poe. Baltimore, 18. 6 July. 00 http//www.geocities.com/short_stories_page/poecask.html

Thomas, Dwight, and Jackson, D.K. The Poe Log A Documentary Life of Edgar Allan Poe, 180

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If you order your research paper from our custom writing service you will receive a perfectly written assignment on siddhartha. What we need from you is to provide us with your detailed paper instructions for our experienced writers to follow all of your specific writing requirements. Specify your order details, state the exact number of pages required and our custom writing professionals will deliver the best quality siddhartha paper right on time.

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Scott Mullervy

English 1

Mr. McMann

January 10, 00

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Path to Enlightenment

Everyone everywhere lives his or her life by certain codes or rules, whether it be morals, values, or in most cases religion. Religion can define a person in many significant ways. In most cases, one's religion shapes the path that he or she will ultimately choose in life. For instance, in Hermann Hesse's most renowned novel Siddhartha, a young Brahmin is torn between which path to take on a fascinating journey that will ultimately change his life forever. When the novel begins, Siddhartha, the protagonist and hero, is a rich and handsome young Brahmin, he then transforms in to a meager looking ascetic, then into a businessman, and finally into a ferryman. Even though Siddhartha takes upon himself all these different faces, his path to enlightenment follows three distinct stages, the mind, the body, and the soul.

As a young Brahmin, Siddhartha "delighted and made everyone happy" and in turn "was loved by everybody," while he spent most of his days with his family and meditating.(5) However, although he brings bliss to all, "Siddhartha was not happy with himself." One of the reasons that he is so discontent is because he fears that he can learn nothing more by just staying at home. This is why I believe Siddhartha is so unique in that his life is completely taken care of because he can inherit all of his family's riches, but chooses rather to leave home in order to gain a greater knowledge of the world. The beginning stage for Siddhartha is through the mind where he first becomes a Samana, or ascetic from which he "learns many ways of losing the Self, although [their] paths took him away from Self."(15) Next he listens to Gotama, "the Illustrious One and the Buddha."(1) Although Siddhartha's goal is to become like Gotama, he cannot merely accompany Gotama on his travels; Siddhartha must make every effort to resemble him by attaining enlightenment which cannot be taught or learned but rather achieved. Siddhartha's inner strength and determination to achieve enlightenment make him such a great hero.

The next stage that Siddhartha goes through is the body, one that he has never experienced in his life before. Siddhartha's stage of the mind is cast aside due to a beautiful prostitute named Kamala. Not only does Siddhartha experience the art of love due to Kamala, but also through Kamala he meets Kamaswami, a rich merchant, who teaches him the art of trading money and business. At first Siddhartha has maternal dreams about a "woman's full breast and the intoxicating liquid that comes out."(48) These dreams that he has lead him to a "longing and stir of sex in him, but his inward voice says NO!"(50) After visiting with Kamala regularly he loses sight of his previous ways as an ascetic, one who is supposedly not capable of loving anyone. After seeing how "beautiful Kamala is his heart rejoices" and after just one kiss he is left breathless and is "astonished by how much she has taught him in just one kiss," his first kiss.(57) Hesse describes this event very accurately and, I think, for the sole purpose of adding compassion and love into the novel, which only heightens why Siddhartha is so great. Ultimately, Siddhartha becomes Kamala's best lover she has ever had, and when he leaves her, she becomes aware that she is pregnant with his child.

The last step on Siddhartha's path to enlightenment is through his soul. First Siddhartha becomes much like an apprentice to Vasudeva, the ferryman, and decides to live with him in his hut on the beautiful river which he intends to "stay by and learn from."(101) Now that Siddhartha has completed the stage of the mind and body, he transcends to live his life in accord with his soul, so he is able to completely experience the oneness of life. On the way to see the dying Gotama Buddha, Kamala is bitten by a poisonous snake and is then taken to Vasudeva's and Siddhartha's ferry. For the first time Siddhartha learns that he has a son; however, he witnesses the death of Kamala, "a face that he recognized immediately."(11) While on her deathbed she asks, "Have you attained it? Have you found peace?" Then Siddhartha says nothing, but only smiles and holds her hands. She replies, "yes, I see it."(11) In the eyes of Siddhartha, Kamala sees the face of a Buddha that has found enlightenment. Finally, in a thrilling ending scene Govinda comes to Siddhartha on the ferry in order to seek some words of wisdom. However, Siddhartha tells him that "knowledge can be communicated, but not wisdom," for "in every truth the opposite is equally true" and that "Time is not real."(14) To make Govinda's suffering less Siddhartha asks him to kiss his forehead and gives him a "thousand-fold smile," revealing that he is the "Perfect One," a Buddha.(151)

Siddhartha is a character unlike many in literature in that he takes his own initiative in order to better himself. However, was it the right choice for him to leave home? While leaving one's family can be very hard at times, his strength is what makes him achieve the goal for which he left. The author, Hesse, puts an original spin on the novel by creating a different path for Siddhartha to take. Instead of following the Buddha's Eightfold Path, Siddhartha ultimately attains nirvana by living the life of the Buddha for himself, instead of going through all the suffering which the Eightfold Path so strongly enforces. Siddhartha is a novel that should not be overlooked by anyone because it portrays a hero of such greatness and dedication to a religion that is so peaceful. Throughout the reading one learns the value of religion and peace, while enjoying the enlightenment of many characters.

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Justin Apresa a sixteen year-old boy remembers how he first came to learn about sex and the treatment of the opposite sex. "It wasn't like my parents talked to me about sex and girls," Justin commented. He learned about it through his cousin who, at the time was merely seventeen years old. Justin remembers how his cousin told him that the more women he slept with, the more "Macho" he would become, meaning more of a "Man" in English terms. He was also told that women liked to be treated like sexual objects, if a women refused to have sex with him, it did not matter because he was a "Man". Justin explained that he grew up with the misconception that sex was a gift given to him from God. "I remember thinking how awesome it would be to sleep with as many women as I pleased," Justin would say. Who is to blame why this adolescent became misguided? It is easy to hold the video games, television and the school system responsible, but the real problem is parents. The parents are no longer teaching children morals; they have become dependent on other sources to teach their children life's values.

Video games are replacing parents as the teachers of morals. "Video games are becoming more and more violent," comments twenty-two-year old Felipe Herrera, "they depict too much brutal and sadistic behavior". Graphic video games, such as Mortal Kombat, can desensitize children and give them the wrong morals by showing graphic images of people killing each other. Children can get the mistaken idea of taking another person's life; by thinking it is all right. The problem is that parents do not sit down with their children and talk to them about the wrong ideas video games present. They should clarify mortality to them and explain why killing is wrong and not natural. They ought to check the games their children play for excessive violence and not let those games teach the wrong ideas to their kids.

Aside from Video Games teaching the children morals, television has become one of the number one sources for young children to learn life's values. Reality Shows such as The Bachelor, Married by America and Paradise Hotel are deteriorating what little is left of moral values. "I could not believe my eyes when I saw Married by America, the viewers were left to choose two strangers and marry them within a few months," Twenty-nine-year old Joseph Apresa commented. These shows may seem entertaining but what is not being taken into account are the children that are watching these Reality Shows. Joseph explained, "parents don't monitor what there children watch on TV, therefore these children are growing up thinking what they watch is the way life should be handled." Since parents are no longer supervising these programs, the television is raising the children of today with flawed morals. Kids have been left with no other choice because they lack their parent's guidance.

Parents have also become to dependent on schools to do the guidance. Parents expect teachers to do the parenting job, what parents don't realize is that questions that kids have about sex and drugs should be answer by the parents. A teacher's job is to teach English, arithmetic and history. The parents should handle personal matters concerning their children. Joseph Apresa remembers learning sex education from his fifth grade teacher. "The experience was awkward," he recalls. "Everyone would laugh at the graphic pictures being displayed on the overhead. No one took it seriously". Sex is a matter to be taken seriously; the sad thing is that parents leave such an important task to the fifth and sixth grade teachers. Felipe Herrera believes kids are becoming less and less moral because parents have stopped doing their job of talking to kids about sex and drugs. He said, " I don't remember my mom ever talking to me about drugs." Felipe remembers learning about the subject by Deputy Harris, a cop that would come to talk about narcotics and the effect it had on young kids. Felipe remembers thinking, " Deputy Harris is a joke, and he's not a real cop, why should I listen to him." So what did he really get from the talks, sure he was given a lot of information about different types of drugs and the effects they caused. Felipe was shown a few unhealthy lungs in a bag, a long with a cigarette. The problem is that Felipe did not respect Deputy Harris and therefore did not make use of any of the important lessons he taught. What he did not receive was a real serious talk about the dangers of drugs by his parents, the most important figures of authority that children should be able to count on. Felipe said, " Deputy Harris was a stranger, I knew I would never see him again, my parents on the other hand I respected. If the Drug talk would have came from then I would have been afraid to even try them." This shows that if parents took time to have a talk with their children, it would help push kids in the right direction.

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Parents should step up to the plate and stop blaming others for the immoral youth. They are in many cases to blame because they have become indolent when it comes to teaching their children morals. If parents were to spend more time with their children, take a day off and talk to them about sex and drugs and day-to-day interaction with their peers, deterioration of a moral youth would be a thing of the past.

Please note that this sample paper on Parents: The Creators and Destroyers of Morals is for your review only. In order to eliminate any of the plagiarism issues, it is highly recommended that you do not use it for you own writing purposes. In case you experience difficulties with writing a well structured and accurately composed paper on Parents: The Creators and Destroyers of Morals, we are here to assist you. Your cheap custom college paper on Parents: The Creators and Destroyers of Morals will be written from scratch, so you do not have to worry about its originality.

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