Tuesday, November 5, 2019
Descriptive essay
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Allen Ginsberg, a beat poet, made his debut appearance in the 160's with his
poem "Howl" (see Appendix A). The poem made headlines and began a new era of
poetry that was influenced by 'sex, drugs, and rock and roll'. Ginsberg's writings were
a combination of Blake, Whitman, Pound, and Williams, all of which he met while he
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was attending Columbia University.(Schwartzman) With his new style of writing,
Ginsberg opened many new doors for poets and writers in America. He had no fear
of writing what exactly was on his mind or what he thought. Many times, his writings
were influenced by the affects of mind - altering drugs such as inhalants, marijuana,
and LSD.(Gates) Drugs were the main influence in Ginsberg's writings, which could
be attributed to his new family life, new - found - friends from Columbia University,
and the era in which he lived.
Allen Ginsberg was a poet who, at times, seemed to care more about others
than he did about himself. From the time that his life began, he had to help look after
others. His father, a published poet and high school teacher, died when Allen was the
ripe age of ten years old.(Fass) This lack of a male figure in his life could very
possibly be the reason that he was gay. Ginsberg's mother was a radical Communist
who also was a nudist. She went tragically insane in early adulthood. It was made
obvious to his readers that Ginsberg loved his mother when he wrote a poem for
her(Appendix B). In Allen's life, the absence of parental support added to his mixed
feelings about sexuality had a heavy influence on his writings.(Fass)
Ginsberg attended school at Columbia University intending to be a left - wing
lawyer, like his father had wanted him to be, but soon he fell in with a bad crowd who
was out of the literary, cultural, political, and sexual mainstream. In 156, Ginsberg
wrote the poem "Howl"(see Appendix A), which made him notorious. It was said to be
a prophecy of the hell - and - heaven that was to break loose in the 160's.(Gates)
After that poem had received publicity, Ginsberg said that he wanted to be known as
the most brilliant man in America.(Gates) That wish was granted when Allen began to
be known as the literary voice that was most known and respected by young
Americans. He was a mystic, an original beatnik, a political protester, and probably
the free spirit that everyone at some time was has wished that they could be(Tytell).
This hippie scene in the early 60's was where he and his friend Timothy Leary
worked together to publicize Leary's new discovery, the psychedelic drug LSD.(Fass)
Allen also experimented with Benzedrine, marijuana, and cruised gay bars with his
new friends.(Kramer,XV)
Ginsberg devised his stance and long - breathed cadences from the Bible,
Blake, Christopher Smart, and Whitman -- with special effects courtesy of LSD, speed,
and laughing gas(Gates). In 17 he took Buddhist vows. If they didn't interfere much
with his appetite for sex, drugs, and hanging with rock stars, they surely deepened his
sense of the transitory nature of these pleasures, and the void beyond.(Gates) It was
not hard to see the effects of these drugs on his life. Ginsberg died at the age of 70.
On his deathbed, he wrote twelve poems including "Death on All Fronts" (Appendix A)
His last and longest talk was with William Burroughs, 8 at the time, who had
introduced him to the "druggy gay - hipster lowlife" in the 40's.(Gates) Ironically,
Allen Ginsberg died shortly before the 0th anniversary of The Summer of Love in
San Francisco. And most probably, there would have been no hippies, no flower
children, no Sixties revolution had it not been for The Beats of the 50's and early 60's,
and for Ginsberg, Kerouac, Leary, Ferlinghetti, and the others of that preceding time
of alternatives.(Fass) To add to Ginsberg's accomplishments, he also coined the term
"Flower Power" in the 160's(Vortex). This related to the time period in that it was a
term that was used quite regularly. It was used to send the message of peace.
The techniques that Allen Ginsberg used could be summed up with two words
Beat Generation. This was a literary movement that began with such writers such as
Ginsberg, Kerouac, Ferlinghetti, and Snyder. This generation and its subculture were
known for its "restlessness, and alienated nature" (Anderson,118). The beat generation
joined forces with other writers that had similar beliefs and made a group called the
San Francisco Renaissance. Ginsberg became known as a kind of literary and
psychological guru (Anderson 118). He wrote in open forms while exploring Eastern
and Western mysticism from Buddha to William Blake. While he was greatly
concerned with the human psyche, he was also concerned with action against war,
the abuse of nature, and all curbs on freedom (Anderson 118). The poem "Homework"
clearly displayed his concerns as shown in the excerpt "If I were doing my laundry I'd
wash my dirty Iran/ I'd throw in my United States, and pour on the Ivory Soap, scrub
up Africa, put all the birds and elephants back in the jungle" (Anderson 118).
In Ginsberg's writings, he used free verse (Appendix A,B) to reproduce how
people speak naturally. He wanted nothing unnatural in his poetry. It's possible that
Ginsberg got this style from Whitman, his mentor, who was the first American poet to
use free verse (Anderson 1144). Ginsberg also used imagery in many of his poems.
Several of the poems that he wrote , too explicit to repeat, gave the reader a very
clear image of what he was explaining or where he wanted the reader to feel.
In addition to Ginsberg's poetry, there were many other works that were
related to the use of drugs during the time period of the 150'5 - 160's. One of the
works was Alice in Wonderland. Thought to be an every - day children's story,
viewers can see in the movie that Alice experiences many hallucinations that could
be caused by drugs. Many critics say that the story is nothing but a story of a girl on
LSD (Vortex).
Allen Ginsberg, a mentor to many young writers and free spirits, was a man
who followed his heart, which sometimes led him down the wrong path, but helped
him to become a poet that many people look up to. His ideals were fresh and down to
earth. This and the fact that Ginsberg was against war and pollution and into the '60's
scene' made him the perfect hippie.
Of all of the things that Ginsberg contributed to America, the realism that
everyone can make a difference no matter what life style they lead was the most
important thing. Though his writings were obviously influenced by drugs, he opened
eyes and hearts to a new vision. That vision was peace, love and happiness.
Appendix A
excerpt from Howl
I saw the best minds of my generation destroyed by
madness, starving hysterical naked,
dragging themselves through the negro streets at dawn
looking for an angry fix,
angelheaded hipsters burning for the ancient heavenly
connection to the starry dynamo in the machin-
ery of night,
who poverty and tatters and hollow-eyed and high sat
up smoking in the supernatural darkness of
cold-water flats floating across the tops of cities
contemplating jazz,
who bared their brains to Heaven under the El and
saw Mohammedan angels staggering on tene-
ment roofs illuminated,
who passed through universities with radiant cool eyes
hallucinating Arkansas and Blake-light tragedy
among the scholars of war,
who were expelled from the academies for crazy &
publishing obscene odes on the windows of the
skull,
who cowered in unshaven rooms in underwear, burn-
ing their money in wastebaskets and listening
to the Terror through the wall,
who got busted in their pubic beards returning through
Laredo with a belt of marijuana for New York,
who ate fire in paint hotels or drank turpentine in
Paradise Alley, death, or purgatoried their
torsos night after night
with dreams, with drugs, with waking nightmares, al-
cohol and cock and endless balls,
incomparable blind; streets of shuddering cloud and
lightning in the mind leaping toward poles of
Canada & Paterson, illuminating all the mo-
tionless world of Time between,
Peyote solidities of halls, backyard green tree cemetery
dawns, wine drunkenness over the rooftops,
-San Francisco, 155 - 156
(Austin)
Appendix B
excerpt from Kaddish
It leaps about me, as I go out and walk the street, look back over my shoulder,
Seventh Avenue, the battlements of window office buildings shouldering each other
high, under a cloud, tall as the sky in an instant -- and the sky above -- an old blue
place.
or down the Avenue to the south, to -- as I walk toward the Lower East Side -- where
you walked 50 years ago, little girl -- from Russia, eating the first poisonous tomatoes
of America -- frightened on the dock --
then struggling in the crowds of Orchard Street toward what? -- toward Newark --
toward candy store, first home-made sodas of the century, hand-churned ice cream
in backroom on musty brownfloor boards --
Toward education marriage nervous breakdown, operation, teaching school, and
learning to be mad, in a dream -- what is this life?
(Austin)
Works Cited
Anderson, Brinn1an, and Legget, Arpin, Toth. Elements of Literature. 5th Course.
New York Holt, Rinehart, and Winston, Inc., 18.
Austin, James. "Holy Soul Jelly Roll - Poems and Songs (14 - 1)". Alta Vista.
WWW.//8 http//www.rhino.com/features/liners/716lin.html
Fass, Don. "America Online - (Allen Ginsberg Tribute)". Yahoo. WWW. //8.
http//www.sftoday.com/enn/ginsberg.htm
Gates, David. "Holy the Bob Apocalypse!". Newsweek. 4/14/8.
Ginsberg, Allen. Collected Poems. New York Harper & Row Publishers, 184.
Kramer, Jane. Allen Ginsberg in America. New York Random House Inc., 16.
Schwartzman, Paul. "Beat Generation Poet Allen Ginsberg Death at 70." Ocala Star
Banner 4/6/7.
"Thru the Vortex Allen Ginsberg and his Poetry". /1/7. Yahoo WWW. //8.
http//www.geocities.com/soho/cafe/181/
Tytell, John. "Allen Ginsberg, American Poet, 16 - 17". Yahoo. WWW. //8.
http//www/levity.com/corduroy/ginsberg/home.htm
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