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If you order your research paper from our custom writing service you will receive a perfectly written assignment on Lifeboat Ethics. What we need from you is to provide us with your detailed paper instructions for our experienced writers to follow all of your specific writing requirements. Specify your order details, state the exact number of pages required and our custom writing professionals will deliver the best quality Lifeboat Ethics paper right on time.

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In Hardin's Lifeboat Ethics he argues for a very harsh thesis. He claims that we should not offer any kind of assistance or support to people in poor countries because the outcome of doing so would simply be catastrophic. He uses a lifeboat example to show the segregation of the rich people in the lifeboat and the poor ones swimming in the water outside. Say fifty people occupy a lifeboat, which has room for ten more, but suppose there are a hundred others swimming outside begging for admission to the lifeboat. Hardin says that if we choose to be generous and take them all into the boat, making a total of one-hundred fifty in a boat designed for sixty, then the boat would be overloaded and everyone would drown. No positive result. The other solution is that we only let ten people in. But which ten do we choose? And is it really safe to let more people in? If we do let the other ten in the lifeboat, we would have lost our "safety factor." So in the end, there really is no positive outcome in helping the other hundred swimming in the sea. Either way the result would just be a disaster.

Hardin also points out as to why there is no advantage in helping the poor is the tragedy of the commons. A person's property or possession is well taken care of because it is his or her own responsibility and only he or she is responsible for what happens to it. But if it was available for everyone then it wouldn't be taken care of as much. There is also the case of some people claiming that their needs are greater and would then take more than other people. He says, "If everyone would restrain himself, all would be well; but it takes only one less than everyone to ruin a system of voluntary restraint." He uses air and water as examples of commons taken advantage of. Since air and water are treated as commons, they have now become polluted.

Another negative product of helping the poor is that they will never learn from their mistakes. Since the poor countries know that the wealthy ones will always be there to help and give them aid when needed, they will never learn to save themselves or to prepare for future disasters. Therefore, they will forever be dependent on foreign aid to pull them up in times of need.

The last argument is whether we should help the poor countries and have them forever depend on us, or not help them and let them learn their lesson so that hopefully it will benefit them in the future. I don't agree that we shouldn't help the poor countries just because we think it will mean we will have to take care of them forever. Some countries are not as economically fortunate as the United States. Since we are a rich country why should we be greedy and take all the fortune? We should share and help the others who are not as fortunate as us instead of giving them a selfish attitude. Everything we have is from God so why should we let other countries suffer when we know we can help. By giving aid, we are giving them a second chance so that they will learn their lesson and hopefully that aid will help them get out of their rut.

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People are naturally careless and selfish when tragedy occurs. When people receive aid, they end up depending on you as long as they can. Therefore, they do not deserve to be helped because they do not know discipline and gratitude.

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If you order your research paper from our custom writing service you will receive a perfectly written assignment on "John Day Fossil Bed". What we need from you is to provide us with your detailed paper instructions for our experienced writers to follow all of your specific writing requirements. Specify your order details, state the exact number of pages required and our custom writing professionals will deliver the best quality "John Day Fossil Bed" paper right on time.

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"John Day Fossil Bed"

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The "John Day Fossil Bed" is located in National Monument, in Oregon. The sedimentary rock of the John Day River Valley in central Oregon is rich with fossil records dating from forty-five million to five million years ago (mya). This basin is so rich with specimens of such continuity and duration that paleontologists, sedimentologists, paleobotanists, and biostratigraphers can test theories against fossil records. This research paper will illustrate through geological time and uniformitarianism the importance of the "John Day Fossil Bed". An appreciation of the immensity of geologic time is central to understanding the evolution of Earth and its survival.

This article has broken down the "John Day Fossil Bed's" into four geological time and uniformitarianism formations The Clarno Formation (50-5 mya) uniformitarianism is a tropical to subtropical forests mantle. The fossil records in sedimentary rock displayed "splendid samples of seeds, nuts, fruits, leaves, branches, and roots". Many of these samples were new discoveries to science. The mammals of this period were large and to name a few are the "browsing brontotheres and amynodonts. The John Day Formation (7-0 mya) uniformitarianism deciduous forests replaced the earlier subtropical forests of the Clarno formation showing a vast biological diversity of species of the early "Miocene epoch". "More that one hundred groups of mammals have been found in this formation as well, including dogs, cats, swine, oreodonts, horses, camels, rhinos, and rodents". To help support the geological time of this period volcanic ash was located throughout the fossil bed, giving way to accurate "radiometric" dates. The Mascall Formation (15-1 mya) uniformitarianism was created after the massive volcano activity and the weathering of lava into "highly fertile soils, and from these soils arose lush, nutritious grasses and mixed hardwood forest, mush like those found today in the eastern United States". A great variety of animals like horses, camels, and deer are discovered in the sedimentary rock. Also, large mammals reappeared like the "gomphotheres (early elephants), as well as sizable rhinos and bear-dogs. The Rattlesnake Formation (8-6 mya) uniformitarianism that is named for Rattlesnake Creek, completes the paleontological story of the "John Day Basin", and based on geological time is very early. Some of the species resembles those of today, and others of a distant past. The type of animal that grazed the land suggests a much "dryer and cooler climate, dominated by grasslands. These strata represent the last major episode of deposition in the basin".

With the discovery of the "John Day Fossil Bed", the "paleontologists can detect subtle shifts in the ecosystems through time. Sedimentologists are able to map the orientation of bones in a Clarno Formation quarry, and thereby plot the eddies, backwaters, and gravel bars of a river that flowed thirty-seven million years ago. Paleobotantists determine the rate at which plant communities evolved. A biostratigrapher dates the last known occurrence of a fossil primate in North America".

Man's ability to study the past ensures mankind a better chance to survive in the future.

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If you order your cheap custom essays from our custom writing service you will receive a perfectly written assignment on John Steinbeck. What we need from you is to provide us with your detailed paper instructions for our experienced writers to follow all of your specific writing requirements. Specify your order details, state the exact number of pages required and our custom writing professionals will deliver the best quality John Steinbeck paper right on time.

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John Steinbeck

On February 7, 10, John Steinbeck was born in Salinas, California.

He was the third of four children and the only son of John Ernst II and Olive

Hamilton Steinbeck. He spent his childhood and adolescence in the Salina

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Valley, later called the salad bowl of the nation. He attended Salinas High

School. He attended classes at Stanford University leaving without a degree.

During these years Steinbeck dropped out for several months, and his job

experiences include sales clerk, farm laborer, ranch hand, and factory

worker. In November of 15, he traveled by freighter from Los Angeles to New

York City where he worked as a construction laborer and, briefly, for the New

York American. From 16-18 he lived in Lake Tahoe, California and worked

as a caretaker for a summer home.

In October of 10, he met Edward F. Ricketts, a marine biologist,

philosopher and longtime friend. Then in 15 after the first popular success,

novel Tortilla Flat he began a lifelong friendship with the editor Pascal Covici.

Covici became an editor after the bankruptcy of his own firm.

I am putting all of his marriages in this essay because I think they had to

do with his outlook on life. My outlook would be affected if I went through what

he did. First, in 10, he married Carol Henning. In 141 he seperated from

Carol in the spring and that same fall he moved to New York with singer

Gwyndolyn Conger. In 14 he was sued for divorce by Carol. One year later

and three years after he had moved in with Gwyndolyn Conger they were finally

married. He then had two sons two years apart, Thom and John IV. 148 was a

disappointing year for Steinbeck. Ricketts was killed in an automobile

accident.and then Gwyndolyn divorced him. In 150 he married his third wife

Elaine Anderson Scott.

Tortilla Flat was his first popular success. Mice of Men was published in

15 and was made into two films. The first was released in 140 and the

second was released in 1 and Gary Senise directed and starred with John

Malkovich. It was also made into a play in New York that had 07

performances. The Grapes of Wrath was his greatest critical success, published

by Viking, provoked both great and popular acclaim and violent political

condemnation for its depiction of Oklahoma migrants and California growers, as

well as for its alleged vulgar language and social bias. It won him the Nobel

Peace Prize for Literature. He was elected into American Academy of Arts and

Letters. East of Eden was also a major work. Heres something of interest,

Oprah Winfrey had East of Eden in her book club. The famous Rodgers and

Hammerstein created a musical called Pipe Dream that was based on Sweet

Thursday. He recieved the New York Drama Critics Award for the play Of Mice

and Men. He won the Nobel Prize for Literature.

He died of arteriosclerosis in New York in 168. Eleven years later the

U.S. commemorative stamp was issued on what would have been his 77th

birthday. Steinbeck was also pictured on a half-ounce gold medal issued by the

U.S. government. In 11, Frank Gallatis Steppenwolf Theater dramatization of

The Grapes of Wrath won New York Drama Critics Circle Award for best play of

the season.

Steinbeck was influenced by Ralph Waldo Emerson who believed in

transcendentalism, and Ernest Hemingway.

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If you order your custom term paper from our custom writing service you will receive a perfectly written assignment on coming of age. What we need from you is to provide us with your detailed paper instructions for our experienced writers to follow all of your specific writing requirements. Specify your order details, state the exact number of pages required and our custom writing professionals will deliver the best quality coming of age paper right on time.

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"Coming of Age", one more time

In the novel "Hatchet" written by Gary Paulsen many literary elements are shown. This is yet another, "coming of age" story we find so frequently in children's literature. Gary Paulsen uses a very descriptive technique when writing about Brian's days in the wilderness. Also, the heroic quest journey is somewhat portrayed. Brian, being a young kid is thrown into a life-threatening event in the first chapter of the book. He has to survive in the wilderness with only a hatchet and his instincts.

To survive Brian has to learn from his mistakes and rely on nature. He has to fend for himself which encompasses him not to think of his parents divorce. Out of all the tasks Brian must perform, this was the hardest. He is an emotional wreck due to the status of his parents and what he knows, "The Secret", about his mother. However, in order for him to survive, he must not dwell upon his family situation. If he was to rack his brain constantly thinking about the divorce, he would loose his focus and inhibitions to survive the wilderness. Gary Paulsen uses this "coming of age" theme for the book, which goes hand in hand with the heroic quest. Brian's quest is to survive.

By surviving Brian learns there is a lot more to life then his parents divorce, and that life will go on. He comes out of the wilderness a stronger person and more mature. We are shown this in the end of the novel by Brian choosing not to share with his mom that he knows the secret. It doesn't matter to Brian anymore about the secret. This is a big step towards maturity for Brian, he realizes the secret is not important anymore, and it will probably make matters worse.

The "coming of age" theme which we see so often in children's literature serves a lot of value. It's a channel way to teach kids the lesson of growing up by using example. It lets children relate to something concrete they have read in a book before. Also, by letting children relate, it helps adults place an emphasis on maturity.

Symbolism is another literary element used by Gary Paulsen. Water, which is a universal symbol, stands for life. The lake Brian lands in is the symbol for water representing life. Brian knew he had to land in the lake to live. Also, the lake serves as a source of food for Brian, which he needs to survive. Secondly, the fool birds are a symbol in the novel. When Brian first survives the landing he can not find the birds. They are right there the whole entire time yet, he doesn't see them. The mind frame Brian is in at this time is what prevents him from seeing the birds. By the time Brian can see the birds he has matured and has experienced the "coming of age". He starts to see things differently, and not only till then does he see the birds, which were so visible.

In conclusion, this novel serves for many purposes. Gary Paulsen represents the theme very well, while adding other literary elements. The "coming of age" theme he has used in written in a different manor then most children's books. His main thesis is put on survival, while relating it to a child dealing with divorce. It teaches children that there are many aspects of life and not to dwell upon things. Using symbolism, we can see how the mind set of Brian has changed by the end of the novel. By intertwining this use of symbolism and the "coming of age" theme, a great novel is produced.

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If you order your cheap custom essays from our custom writing service you will receive a perfectly written assignment on Seeking the American Dream of Success. What we need from you is to provide us with your detailed paper instructions for our experienced writers to follow all of your specific writing requirements. Specify your order details, state the exact number of pages required and our custom writing professionals will deliver the best quality Seeking the American Dream of Success paper right on time.

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Arthur Miller's " Death of A Salesman" could be described as a study in the American Dream ideology, a system that at times is indescribably brutal and at other times compassionates. Author Millers plays are usually associated with real life issues filled with failure and disappointment. The authors main character, Willy Loman, is a traveling salesman that spends his whole lifetime trying to find success based on looks and popularity. Willy Loman is a product of this ever-increasing society, obsessed with measuring success by popularity and material wealth and unfortunately emphasizing these principles upon his family. For Willy Loman, to be liked was the definitive criterion of life success. The American dream of wealth and luck became Willy's dream, and it almost became reality.

Willy realizes that in fact he has lived his life in vain, never achieving nor succeeding but remaining a shadow of his ambition. It is this sudden insight that urges him into a fantasy, afraid to face the future. It is only through Willy's failure as a salesman that his innate desire for the outdoors is exposed. At the end of the play, Charley mentions, "… He was a happy man with a batch of cement … so wonderful with his hands … he had the wrong dreams, all wrong.". It has been often said that the play emphasize the path not taken may have been the right one, still Willy holds the inability to see who and what he is.

Miller has created Willy's wife Linda in such a way, that it is difficult to confirm whether she is a positive or destructive force upon him. It is hard to understand why she allows this deception to rise to the level that it does. The love Linda holds for Willy is relentless. She sees herself as his protector, allowing him to laps into his illusions where he feels contentment. But in her love for her husband she is ironically his destroyer. Linda in her admiration for Willy also accepts his dream, which turns out fatal. She allows him to kill himself never letting on that she knows about the attempted suicides.

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The character most harmfully affected by Willy's pursuit of the "Great American Dream" is his eldest son Biff. Similarly, they are both impractical, one by the consequences of disillusionment, the other by illusions themselves. Still looking for his purpose in life, Biff persists, due to Willy. While still in high school Biff's future was assured, and was tremendously well liked, but it all came down soon afterwards "just because he printed University of Virginia on his sneakers doesn't mean their going to graduate him!" Discovering his father shattered the vision he held of him. Biff, paralyzed by reality comes to the realization that in fact there is more to life than being well liked and football. Now after searching, Biff comes to terms with exactly who and what he is "… I stopped in the middle of that building and I saw the sky. I saw the things I love in this world … and I looked at the pen and said to myself, what the hell am I grabbing this for? Why am I trying to become what I don't want to be…I am not a leader of men … Pop I'm a dime a dozen, and so are you."

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If you order your custom term paper from our custom writing service you will receive a perfectly written assignment on A Lesson Before Dying. What we need from you is to provide us with your detailed paper instructions for our experienced writers to follow all of your specific writing requirements. Specify your order details, state the exact number of pages required and our custom writing professionals will deliver the best quality A Lesson Before Dying paper right on time.

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In the book A Lesson Before Dying there are many instances were people's self-identity has changed because of racism. Many people put down the blacks especially the whites, which makes them think that their not as good as the white people in the town. They are very much treated like they (the blacks) are not a part of the white people's life and don't deserve to be there.

One of the main people who were affected by the racism is Grant. Grant has never felt that he belongs in his community because he is a black man. Henry Pichot and Sheriff Guidry helps Grant feel this way. Because both these men are whites and well respected they seem to believe it's acceptable to put people down to make them feel like nothing. Pichot especially does this to Grant when Grant goes and meets him at his house. Pichot makes Grant feel worst then what he already does when Grant doesnt use his proper manner and say Sir after every sentence. Pichot would never call Grant Sir and it seems that Grant thinks if Pichot doesn't have respect for him why should he have respect for him. Then after Grant had finished talking to Pichot he didn't say it as such but he wanted Grant to look away from him after he had finished talking, so Grant did.

Not only did Pichot make Grant feel like nothing but he did the same thing to Miss Emma. Miss Emma went to Pichot house for some help, and although he did help her in the long run, she had to try and convince him to help her by telling him how much she has done for his family over the years. He knew that she had been the maid at his home for many years and that although he didn't owe her anything because she was black and he was white he did anyhow.

Jefferson was also apart of this racism that affects his self-identity. Jefferson didn't get a fair hearing at all and we know this. He was put up for murder in front of a jury, which was full of white men. His own defence called him a hog, if this was a white man in front of this jury up on this charge they would have never called him a hog in front of his family. It was because he was black and was not well educated that they feel the right to be able to treat them like animals. A white man would have got a fair hearing and would have got a defence that actually believes what he said.

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Vivian was also apart of this racism that caused so many people to change their views on themselves. Vivian was not a black women nor was she a white women she was a half-cast. In those days people who were half-casts were respected much more than people who were completely black and I believe this comes out when in the pub. Although Grant was not put down whilst in the pub it was obvious that Vivian was much more comfortable in the town that the pub was in.

In conclusion people back in those days were very racist, toward those of different colours. Although the whites were sometimes frowned upon it was mostly the blacks that people had a problem with. Whether it is because of their colour or because people believed that the blacks were the whites slaves they treated them like they thought. They didn't have any respect for the blacks as you can see with what happen to Jefferson, Grant and Miss Emma. Especially Pichot, he treated them like he wanted to not how he should which unfortunately was very racist.

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If you order your custom term paper from our custom writing service you will receive a perfectly written assignment on Rodney Mullen. What we need from you is to provide us with your detailed paper instructions for our experienced writers to follow all of your specific writing requirements. Specify your order details, state the exact number of pages required and our custom writing professionals will deliver the best quality Rodney Mullen paper right on time.

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Rodney Mullen, the king of freestyle, knew what he wanted to do from day one. He wanted to be a skateboarder. Although, this wasnt going to be easy because he was the son of a Doctor. His dad was completely against skateboarding and forbid any idea of him doing it, but Rodney was persistant.

Rodney got his first skateboard on New Years day, 177. After much begging and pleading he had finally gotten a skateboard. Although, he had some rules and conditions he had to follow. If he was ever injured or caught skating without his pads he had to stop skating then and there. He reluctantly made the deal and did what he had to do to get that skateboard. Rodney ran as fast as his little legs could carry him straight to the local shopping mall and picked out a black Bonsai aluminum skateboard with Precision wheels and ACS trucks. He soon found out that his dad had nothing to worry about as he began practicing and learning frestyle tricks.

He started getting very good and recieved his first sponsership after only nine months, The Inland Surf Shop. He then started competing in local Florda competitions and he won his first contest. He blew many of the California pros away when he placed fourth in the Kona contest. Rodney continued on and took the top spot at the Oceanside contest in California and got another sponsership, Walker. His father tried to get him to switch over to another sport seeing as he had proven best at skateboarding. Rodney Mullen was definitely not going to stop his beloved sport just because he was good at it. That idea was tossed out the window. Dads have more power than sons though, so in know that he might have to quit soon he worked harder and harder on learning new tricks and becoming better. He invented three tricks within his first three years of skating.

Rodney recieved a call from Stacy Peralta inviting him to enter a contest in Sand Diego. This was supposed to be his last contest it was the day after his thirteenth birthday and he would be competing with top Sims freestyler Steve Rocco. The contest was very close but Rodney came out on top! He and Steve later became good friends. After winning the contest he recieved another sponsership from Powell-Peralta, one of the biggest and most well known teams of the decade. His skateboarding took a huge leap from there. His career jump started and he started getting publicity. More and more contest came up and Rodney knocked em down. He dominated the freestyle contest for an entire decade. The 80s decade was called the Mullen decade by skateboarder magazine. In all of Mullens years of competing he only came in second place once. He was crowned World Freestyle Champion 5 times over.

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Apart from all the competitions Rodney invtented over 0 new tricks throughout that time and many of these tricks on the basis for modern day skateboarding. When the 0s kicked around freestyle died out and street skating begun. Mullen quickly adapted and is still today one of the greatest skaters of all time. He was just recently voted Skater of the Year in Skateboarder Magazine, 00.

Rodney Mullen is one of the most intuitive and creative skateboarders of all time and his skills cannot be matched by any other skateboarder today. He has provided a legacy to skateboarding and in general the man just has it. He lives it. He breathes it. He is skateboarding.

Please note that this sample paper on Rodney Mullen is for your review only. In order to eliminate any of the plagiarism issues, it is highly recommended that you do not use it for you own writing purposes. In case you experience difficulties with writing a well structured and accurately composed paper on Rodney Mullen, we are here to assist you. Your cheap custom college paper on Rodney Mullen will be written from scratch, so you do not have to worry about its originality.

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